Non-logical connectives

We have already seen one non-logical connective, joi. By non-logical, we mean that the truth of the combined terms does not depend on the truth of the individual components. It may not be true that la kris. bevri le pipno "Chris carries the piano", or la pat. bevri le pipno "Pat carries the piano", for example (to revisit an example from Lesson 4), even if it is true that la kris. joi la pat. bevri le pipno "Chris and Pat carry the piano."

Lojban has several other non-logical connectives; we'll cover the most frequently used ones:

Note: You can use non-logical connectives in forethought mode, too: the forethought connective is the non-logical connective followed by gi. So the forethought version of la kris. joi la pat. is joi gi la kris. gi la pat.

Exercise 2

Which logical or non-logical connective would you use to translate the emphasised phrases in the following sentences?

  1. The murderer is one of Colonel Mustard, Professor Plum, or Miss White.

  2. The Greek Dialect Dictionary has published five volumes, from alpha to delta.

  3. See the Lojban Reference Grammar, pp. 22–24.

  4. A dactyl consists of two short syllables, one long syllable; an anapaest consists of one long syllable, two short syllables.

  5. Out of Zhang, Susan, Jyoti and Ranjeet, Zhang is the purplest.

  6. Jyoti and Susan discuss Zhang's fashion sense.

  7. Ranjeet and Zhang are wearing shirts.