Appendix B. Vocabulary

.asumti orlogical connective: sumti afterthought or
.abualetteral for a
.a'ohopeattitudinal: hope – despair
.a'uinterestattitudinal: interest – disinterest – repulsion
.aidesireattitudinal: intent – indecision – rejection/refusal
.audesireattitudinal: desire – indifference – reluctance
.esumti andlogical connective: sumti afterthought and
.ebueletteral for e
.e'ecompetenceattitudinal: competence – incompetence/inability
.eiobligationattitudinal: obligation – freedom
.enaisumti but notlogical connective: sumti afterthought x but not y
.e'orequestattitudinal: request – negative request
.e'usuggestionattitudinal: suggestion – abandon suggest – warning
.i jasentence orlogical connective: sentence afterthought or
.i jesentence andlogical connective: sentence afterthought and
.i je'isentence conn?logical connective: sentence afterthought connective question
.i jenaisentence but notlogical connective: sentence afterthought x but not y
.i josentence ifflogical connective: sentence afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if
.i jonaisentence xorlogical connective: sentence afterthought exclusive or
.i jusentence whetherlogical connective: sentence afterthought whether-or-not
.i najasentence only iflogical connective: sentence afterthought conditional/only if
.isentence linksentence link/continuation; continuing sentences on same topic
.iabeliefattitudinal: belief – skepticism – disbelief
.ibuiletteral for i
.i'eapprovalattitudinal: approval – non-approval – disapproval
.ieagreementattitudinal: agreement – disagreement
.iifearattitudinal: fear – security
.iuloveattitudinal: love – no love lost – hatred
.osumti ifflogical connective: sumti afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if
.obuoletteral for o
.oicomplaintattitudinal: complaint – pleasure
.onaisumti xorlogical connective: sumti afterthought exclusive or
.o'opatienceattitudinal: patience – mere tolerance – anger
.o'urelaxationattitudinal: relaxation – composure – stress
.usumti whetherlogical connective: sumti afterthought whether-or-not
.uadiscoveryattitudinal: discovery – confusion/searching
.ubuuletteral for u
.u'ewonderattitudinal: wonder – commonplace
.uesurpriseattitudinal: surprise – not really surprised – expectation
.u'iamusementattitudinal: amusement – weariness
.uihappinessattitudinal: happiness – unhappiness
.u'urepentanceattitudinal: repentance – lack of regret – innocence
.uupityattitudinal: pity – cruelty
.yhesitation'er' (hesitation)
.ybuyletteral for y
.y'y'letteral for '
.y'ybuhletteral for h
baaftertime tense relation/direction: will [selbri]; after [sumti]; default future tense
badrisadx1 is sad/depressed/dejected/[unhappy/feels sorrow/grief] about x2 (abstraction)
ba'eemphasize nextforethought emphasis indicator; indicates next word is especially emphasized
baicompelled bybapli modal, 1st place (forced by) forcedly; compelled by force ...
bajrarunx1 runs on surface x2 using limbs x3 with gait x4
bakfubundlex1 is a bundle/package/cluster/clump/pack [shape/form] containing x2, held together by x3
baknibovinex1 is a cow/cattle/kine/ox/[bull/steer/calf] [beef-producer/bovine] of species/breed x2
bangrn­esperantoEsperantox1 is the language Esperanto used by x2 to express/communicate x3 (si'o/du'u, not quote)
bangulanguagex1 is a/the language/dialect used by x2 to express/communicate x3 (si'o/du'u, not quote)
banligreatx1 is great/grand in property x2 (ka) by standard x3
banxabankx1 is a bank owned by/in banking system x2 for banking function(s) x3 (event)
ba'operfectiveinterval event contour: in the aftermath of ...; since ...; perfective
bapliforcex1 [force] (ka) forces/compels event x2 to occur; x1 determines property x2 to manifest
bardabigx1 is big/large in property/dimension(s) x2 as compared with standard/norm x3
barjabarx1 is a tavern/bar/pub serving x2 to audience/patrons x3
bartuoutx1 is on the outside of x2; x1 is exterior to x2
batcibitex1 bites/pinches x2 on/at specific locus x3 with x4
ba'u exaggerationexaggeration – accuracy – understatement
bauin languagebangu modal, 1st place in language ...
belink sumtisumti link to attach sumti (default x2) to a selbri; used in descriptions
bebnafoolishx1 is foolish/silly in event/action/property [folly] (ka) x2; x1 is a boob
be'erequest to sendvocative: request to send/speak
beilink more sumtiseparates multiple linked sumti within a selbri; used in descriptions
benjitransferx1 transfers/sends/transmits x2 to receiver x3 from transmitter/origin x4 via means/medium x5
be'oend linked sumtielidable terminator: end linked sumti in specified description
bertinorthx1 is to the north/northern side [right-hand-rule pole] of x2 according to frame of reference x3
bevricarryx1 carries/hauls/bears/transports cargo x2 to x3 from x4 over path x5; x1 is a carrier/[porter]
bi8digit/number: 8
bi'iunordered intervalnon-logical interval connective: unordered between ... and ...
bilgaobligedx1 is bound/obliged to/has the duty to do/be x2 in/by standard/agreement x3; x1 must do x2
bilmaillx1 is ill/sick/diseased with symptoms x2 from disease x3
binxobecomex1 becomes/changes/converts/transforms into x2 under conditions x3
bi'oordered intervalnon-logical interval connective: ordered from ... to ...
birjebeerx1 is made of/contains/is a amount of beer/ale/brew brewed from x2
birkaarmx1 is a/the arm [body-part] of x2
birticertainx1 is certain/sure/positive/convinced that x2 is true
blabiwhitex1 is white / very light-coloured
boshort scope linkshort scope joiner; joins various constructs with shortest scope and right grouping
boiend number or lerfuelidable terminator: terminate numeral or letteral string
botpibottlex1 is a bottle/jar/urn/flask/closable container for x2, made of material x3 with lid x4
bredireadyx1 is ready/prepared for x2 (event)
bridipredicatex1 (text) is a predicate relationship with relation x2 among arguments (sequence/set)
brijuofficex1 is an office/bureau/work-place of worker x2 at location x3
brunabrotherx1 is brother of/fraternal to x2 by bond/tie/standard/parent(s) x3; [not necess. biological]
budjoBuddhistx1 pertains to the Buddhist culture/religion/ethos in aspect x2
burnaembarassedx1 is embarrassed/disconcerted/flustered/ill-at-ease about/under conditions x2 (abstraction)
bu'ucoincident withlocation tense relation/direction; coincident with/at the same place as; space equivalent of ca
bybletteral for b
caduringtime tense relation/direction: is [selbri]; during/simultaneous with [sumti]; present tense
cabdeitodayx1 is today (cabna 'now' + djedi 'day')
cacrahourx1 is x2 hours in duration (default is 1 hour) by standard x3
cadzuwalkx1 walks/strides/paces on surface x2 using limbs x3
caiintense emotionattitudinal: strong intensity attitude modifier
ca'ocontinuativeinterval event contour: during ...; continuative)
carnaturnx1 turns/rotates/revolves around axis x2 in direction x3
carvirainx1 rains/showers/[precipitates] to x2 from x3; x1 is precipitation [not limited to 'rain']
casnudiscussx1(s) (mass normally, but 1 individual/jo'u possible) discuss(es)/talk(s) about topic/subject x2
catkeshovex1 [agent] shoves/pushes x2 at locus x3
catlulookx1 looks at/examines/views/inspects/regards/watches/gazes at x2 [compare with zgani]
catrakillx1 (agent) kills/slaughters/murders x2 by action/method x3
cein a set withnon-logical connective: set link, unordered; 'and also', but forming a set
ce'oin a sequence withnon-logical connective: ordered sequence link; 'and then', forming a sequence
certuexpertx1 is an expert/pro/has prowess in/is skilled at x2 (event/activity) by standard x3
ce'ulambdapseudo-quantifier binding a variable within an abstraction that represents an open place
cevnigodx1 is a/the god/deity of people(s)/religion x2 with dominion over x3 [sphere]; x1 is divine
cfariinitiatex1 [state/event/process] commences/initiates/starts/begins to occur; (intransitive verb)
cfipuconfusingx1 (event/state) confuses/baffles x2 [observer] due to [confusing] property x3 (ka)
ci3digit/number: 3
cidjafoodx1 is food/feed/nutriment for x2; x1 is edible/gives nutrition to x2
cidjrkaricurryx1 is a quantity of curry
cidjrkebabikebabx1 is a kebab
cidrohydrogenx1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of hydrogen (H)
cifnuinfantx1 is an infant/baby [helpless through youth/incomplete development] of species x2
cilrelearnx1 learns x2 (du'u) about subject x3 from source x4 (obj./event) by method x5 (event/process)
cinbakissx1 (agent) kisses/busses x2 at locus x3
cinmoemotionx1 feels emotion x2 (ka) about x3
cinriinterestingx1 (abstraction) interests/is interesting to x2; x2 is interested in x1
cinsesexualx1 in activity/state x2 exhibits sexuality/gender/sexual orientation x3 (ka) by standard x4
cintapaintx1 [material] is a paint of pigment/active substance x2, in a base of x3
cinyneifancyx1 fancies x2 (cinse 'sex' + nelci 'like')
cipnibirdx1 is a bird/avian/fowl of species x2
cipratestx1 (process/event) is a test for/proof of property/state x2 in subject x3 (individ./set/mass)
cirlacheesex1 is a quantity of/contains cheese/curd from source x2
ciskawritex1 inscribes/writes x2 on display/storage medium x3 with writing implement x4; x1 is a scribe
cismasmilex1 smiles/grins (facial expression)
cismyfrasmile atx1 reacts/responds/answers by smiling to stimulus x2 under conditions x3 [cisma (smile) + frati (react)]
citkaeatx1 eats/ingests/consumes (transitive verb) x2
citsiseasonx1 is a season/is seasonal [cyclical interval], defined by interval/property x2, of year(s) x3
cizrastrangex1 is strange/weird/deviant/bizarre/odd to x2 in property x3 (ka)
ckaficoffeex1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of coffee from source/bean/grain x2
ckasuridiculex1 ridicules/mocks/scoffs at x2 about x3 (property/event) by doing activity x4 (event)
ckiregratefulx1 is grateful/thankful to/appreciative of x2 for x3 (event/property)
ckuleschoolx1 is school/institute/academy at x2 teaching subject(s) x3 to audien./commun. x4 operated by x5
clanilongx1 is long in dimension/direction x2 (default longest dimension) by measurement standard x3
claduloudx1 is loud/noisy at observation point x2 by standard x3
cliraearlyx1 (event) is early by standard x2
clitepolitex1 is polite/courteous/civil in matter x2 according to standard/custom x3
clivaleavex1 leaves x2 via route x3
cmacimathematicsx1 is a mathematics of type/describing x2
cmalusmallx1 is small in property/dimension(s) x2 (ka) as compared with standard/norm x3
cmavostructure wordx1 is a structure word of grammatical class x2, with meaning/function x3 in usage (language) x4
cmenenamex1 (quoted word(s)) is a/the name/title/tag of x2 to/used-by namer/name-user x3 (person)
cmilalaughx1 laughs
cmimamemberx1 is a member/element of set x2; x1 belongs to group x2; x1 is amid/among/amongst group x2
cmonimoanx1 utters moan/groan/howl/scream [non-linguistic utterance] x2 expressing x3 (property)
cninonewx1 is new/unfamiliar/novel to observer x2 in feature x3 (ka) by standard x4; x1 is a novelty
cnitabeneathx1 is directly/vertically beneath/below/under/underneath/down from x2 in frame of reference x3
co'ainitiativeinterval event contour: at the starting point of ...; initiative
co'eunspecified selbri elliptical/unspecified bridi relationship
coigreetingsvocative: greetings/hello
co'opartingsvocative: partings/good-bye
co'ucessativeinterval event contour: at the ending point of ... even if not done; cessative
cpedurequestx1 requests/asks/petitions/solicits for x2 of/from x3 in manner/form x4
cpinapungentx1 is pungent/piquant/peppery/spicy/irritating to sense x2
cradiradiox1 broadcasts/transmits [using radio waves] x2 via station/frequency x3 to [radio] receiver x4
cranefrontx1 is anterior/ahead/forward/(in/on) the front of x2 which faces/in-frame-of-reference x3
cremaumore expertx1 is more expert/pro/has prowess than x2 in/is more skilled at x3 by standard x4, by amount/excess x5 (certu 'expert' + zmadu 'more')
cribebearx1 is a bear/ursoid of species/breed x2
cridafairyx1 is a fairy/elf/gnome/brownie/pixie/goblin/kobold [mythical humanoid] of mythos/religion x2
crinogreenx1 is green
crisasummerx1 is summer/summertime [hot season] of year x2 at location x3
crituautumnx1 is autumn/fall [harvest/cooling season] of year x2 at location x3
ctebilipx1 is a/the lip [body-part]/rim of orifice x2 of body x3; (adjective:) x1 is labial
ctucateachx1 teaches audience x2 ideas/methods/lore x3 (du'u) about subject(s) x4 by method x5 (event)
cuselbri separatorelidable marker: separates selbri from preceding sumti, allows preceding terminator elision
cu'ineutral emotionattitudinal: neutral scalar attitude modifier
cuktabookx1 is a book about subject/theme/story x2 by author x3 for audience x4 preserved in medium x5
culnofullx1 is full/completely filled with x2
cupraproducex1 produces x2 [product] by process x3
curmiletx1 (agent) lets/permits/allows x2 (event) under conditions x3; x1 grants privilege x2
cuskuexpressx1 expresses/says x2 for audience x3 via expressive medium x4
cu'uas said bycusku modal, 1st place (attribution/quotation) as said by source ...; used for quotation
cycletteral for c
dasomething #1logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something #1 (usually restricted)
dable'aconquerx1 conquers/siezes x2 from x3 ('war-take')
da'isupposingdiscursive: supposing – in fact
daiempathyattitudinal modifier: marks empathetic use of preceding attitudinal; shows another's feelings
danfuanswerx1 is the answer/response/solution/[reply] to question/problem x2
dansudancex1 (individual, mass) dances to accompaniment/music/rhythm x2
dansydi'udiscox1 is a disco (dansu 'dance' + dinju 'building')
dapmacursex1 curses/damns/condemns x2 to fate (event) x3
daptutrahellx1 is the territory of damnation by x2 (dapma 'curse' + tutra 'territory')
darxihitx1 hits/strikes/[beats] x2 with instrument [or body-part] x3 at locus x4
dasniwearx1 wears/is robed/garbed in x2 as a garment of type x3
dau10digit/number: hex digit A
desomething #2logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something #2 (usually restricted)
de'idateddetri modal, 1st place (for letters) dated ... ; attaches date stamp
denpawaitx1 awaits/waits/pauses for/until x2 at state x3 before starting/continuing x4 (activity/process)
detridatex1 is the date [day,{week},{month},year] of event/state x2, at location x3, by calendar x4
disomething #3logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something #3 (usually restricted)
dicrainterruptx1 (event) interrupts/stops/halts/[disrupts] x2 (object/event/process) due to quality x3
dikcaelectricx1 is electricity [electric charge or current] in/on x2 of polarity/quantity x3 (def. negative)
dilnucloudx1 is a cloud/mass of clouds of material x2 in air mass x3 at floor/base elevation x4
dinskeeconomicsx1 is economics based on methodology x2 (jdini 'money' + saske 'science')
dirbadearx1 is dear/precious/darling to x2; x1 is emotionally valued by x2
djacuwaterx1 is made of/contains/is a quantity/expanse of water; (adjective:) x1 is aqueous/[aquatic]
djedifull dayx1 is x2 full days in duration (default is 1 day) by standard x3; (adjective:) x1 is diurnal
djicawantx1 desires/wants/wishes x2 (event/state) for purpose x3
djunoknowx1 knows fact(s) x2 (du'u) about subject x3 by epistemology x4
doyoupro-sumti: you listener(s); identified by vocative
doivocative markergeneric vocative marker; identifies intended listener; elidable after COI
dotcoGermanx1 reflects German/Germanic culture/nationality/language in aspect x2
dracidramax1 is a drama/play about x2 [plot/theme/subject] by dramatist x3 for audience x4 with actors x5
dranicorrectx1 is correct/proper/right/perfect in property/aspect x2 (ka) in situation x3 by standard x4
drataotherx1 isn't the-same-thing-as/is different-from/other-than x2 by standard x3; x1 is something else
dusame identity asidentity selbri; = sign; x1 identically equals x2, x3, etc.; attached sumti refer to same thing
du'etoo manydigit/number: too many
dukseexcessx1 is an excess of/too much of x2 by standard x3
dundagivex1 [donor] gives/donates gift/present x2 to recipient/beneficiary x3 [without payment/exchange]
dunkuanguishx1 is anguished/distressed/emotionally wrought/stressed by x2
dunliequalx1 is equal/congruent to/as much as x2 in property/dimension/quantity x3
dunrawinterx1 is winter/wintertime [cold season] of year x2 at location
du'ubridi abstractabstractor: predication/bridi abstractor; x1 is predication [bridi] expressed in sentence x2
dydletteral for d
dzenaelderx1 is an elder/ancestor of x2 by bond/tie/degree x3; x1's generation precedes x2's parents
fa1st sumti placesumti place tag: tag 1st sumti place
fa'atowards pointlocation tense relation/direction; arriving at/directly towards ...
fackidiscoverx1 discovers/finds out x2 (du'u) about subject/object x3; x1 finds (fi) x3 (object)
fagrifirex1 is a fire/flame in fuel x2 burning-in/reacting-with oxidizer x3 (default air/oxygen)
faiextra sumti placesumti place tag: tag a sumti moved out of numbered place structure; used in modal conversions
falcrudropx1 allows x2 to fall/drop to x3 in gravity well/frame of reference x4
fangealienx1 is alien/foreign/[exotic]/unfamiliar to x2 in property x3 (ka)
fanvatranslatex1 translates x2 to language x3 from language x4 with translation-result x5
fanzaannoyx1 (event) annoys/irritates/bothers/distracts x2
farlufallx1 falls/drops to x2 from x3 in gravity well/frame of reference x4
farnadirectionx1 is the direction of x2 (object/event) from origin/in frame of reference x3
fasnueventx1 (event) is an event that happens/occurs/takes place; x1 is an incident/happening/occurrence
fatcifactx1 (du'u) is a fact/reality/truth/actuality, in the absolute
fa'uand respectivelynon-logical connective: respectively; unmixed ordered distributed association
fauin the event offasnu modal, 1st place (non-causal) in the event of ...
fe2nd sumti placesumti place tag: tag 2nd sumti place
fei11digit/number: hex digit B
fekprecrazyx1 is an insane, crazy person (fenki 'crazy' + prenu 'person')
fenguangryx1 is angry/mad at x2 for x3 (action/state/property)
fenkicrazyx1 (action/event) is crazy/insane/mad/frantic/in a frenzy (one sense) by standard x2
fe'oover and outvocative: over and out (end discussion)
fi3rd sumti placesumti place tag: tag 3rd sumti place
fi'ecreated byfinti modal, 1st place (creator) created by ...
fi'ihospitalityvocative: hospitality – inhospitality; you are welcome/ make yourself at home
finpefishx1 is a fish of species x2 [metaphorical extension to sharks, non-fish aquatic vertebrates]
fintiinventx1 invents/creates/composes/authors x2 for function/purpose x3 from existing elements/ideas x4
fi'ufraction slashdigit/number: fraction slash; default "/n" → 1/n, "n/" → n/1, or "/" alone → golden ratio
fo4th sumti placesumti place tag: tag 4th sumti place
fo'ait #6pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #6 (specified by goi)
fo'eit #7pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #7 (specified by goi)
fo'iit #8pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #8 (specified by goi)
fonxatelephonex1 is a telephone transceiver/modem attached to system/network x2
fo'oit #9pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #9 (specified by goi)
fo'uit #10pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #10 (specified by goi)
frasoFrenchx1 reflects French/Gallic culture/nationality/language in aspect x2
fratireactx1 reacts/responds/answers with action x2 to stimulus x3 under conditions x4; x1 is responsive
frumufrownx1 frowns/grimaces (facial expression)
fu5th sumti placesumti place tag: tag 5th sumti place
fusrarottenx1 rots/decays/ferments with decay/fermentation agent x2; x1 is rotten/decayed/fermented
fyfletteral for f
gafore orlogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal or
gacricoverx1 is a cover/[lid/top] for covering/concealing/sheltering x2
gai12digit/number: hex digit C
gairgaucoverx1 [person/agent] places x2 as a cover/[lid/top] on x3 (gacri 'cover' + gasnu 'do')
galfimodifyx1 (event) modifies/alters/changes/transforms/converts x2 into x3
ganaifore only iflogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal conditional/only if
ganloclosedx1 (portal/passage/entrance-way) is closed/shut/not open, preventing passage/access to x2 by x3
gasnudox1 [person/agent] is an agentive cause of event x2; x1 does/brings about x2
gefore andlogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal and
ge'ifore conn?logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal connective question
gerkudogx1 is a dog/canine/[bitch] of species/breed x2
gernagrammarx1 is the grammar/rules/defining form of language x2 for structure/text x3
giconnective mediallogical connective: all but tanru-internal forethought connective medial marker
gi'abridi orlogical connective: bridi-tail afterthought or
gi'ebridi andlogical connective: bridi-tail afterthought and
gi'enaibridi but notlogical connective: bridi-tail afterthought x but not y
gi'ibridi conn?logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought connective question
gi'obridi ifflogical connective: bridi-tail afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if
gi'onaibridi xorlogical connective: bridi-tail afterthought exclusive or
gismuroot wordx1 is a (Lojban) root word expressing relation x2 among argument roles x3, with affix(es)
gi'ubridi whetherlogical connective: bridi-tail afterthought whether-or-not
glarehotx1 is hot/[warm] by standard x2
glekihappyx1 is happy/gay/merry/glad/gleeful about x2 (event/state)
gletucopulatex1 copulates/mates/has coitus/sexual intercourse with x2
glicoEnglishx1 is English/pertains to English-speaking culture in aspect x2
gofore ifflogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if
go'ilast bridipro-bridi: preceding bridi; in answer to a yes/no question, repeats the claim, meaning yes
goipro-sumti assignsumti assignment; used to define/assign ko'a/fo'a series pro-sumti
gonaifore xorlogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal exclusive or
granarodx1 is a rod/pole/staff/stick/cane [shape/form] of material x2
gufore whetherlogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal whether-or-not
gu'afore orlogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal or
gu'anaifore only iflogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal conditional/only if
gubnipublicx1 is public/un-hidden/open/jointly available to/owned by all among community x2 (mass)
gu'efore andlogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal and
gugdecountryx1 is the country of peoples x2 with land/territory x3; (people/territory relationship)
gu'ifore conn?logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal connective question
gunjubmedeskx1 is a desk of worker x2 (gunka 'work' + jubme 'table')
gunkaworkx1 [person] labors/works on/at x2 [activity] with goal/objective x3
gunrorollx1 rolls/trundles on/against surface x2 rotating on axis/axle x3; x1 is a roller
guntaattackx1 (person/mass) attacks/invades/commits aggression upon victim x2 with goal/objective x3
guntrusi'oCommunismx1 is a notion of communism (gunka 'work' + turni 'govern' + sidbo 'idea')
gu'ofore ifflogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if
gu'onaifore xorlogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal exclusive or
gusniilluminex1 [energy] is light/illumination illuminating x2 from light source x3
gustarestaurantx1 is a restaurant/cafe/diner serving type-of-food x2 to audience x3
gu'ufore whetherlogical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal whether-or-not
gygletteral for g
jatanru orlogical connective: tanru-internal or
jaimodal conversionconvert tense/modal (tagged) place to 1st place; 1st place moves to extra FA place (fai)
jalgeresultx1 (action/event/state) is a result/outcome/conclusion of antecedent x2 (event/state/process)
jamfufootx1 is a/the foot [body-part] of x2
jamnawarx1 (person/mass) wars against x2 over territory/matter x3; x1 is at war with x2
jancoshoulderx1 is a/the shoulder/hip/joint [body-part] attaching limb/extremity x2 to body x3
jarbusuburbx1 is a suburban area of city/metropolis x2
jarcoshowx1 (agent) shows/exhibits/displays/[reveals]/demonstrates x2 (property) to audience x3
jatnacaptainx1 is captain/commander/leader/in-charge/boss of vehicle/domain x2
jau13digit/number: hex digit D
jbenabornx1 is born to x2 at time x3 [birthday] and place x4 [birthplace]; x1 is native to (fo)
jbonunsalciLogfestx1 is an event of celebrating/recognizing/honoring Lojban with activity/[party] x2
jdimapricex1 [amount] is the price of x2 to purchaser/consumer x3 set by vendor x4
jdinimoneyx1 is money/currency issued by x2; (adjective:) x1 is financial/monetary/pecuniary/fiscal
jetanru andlogical connective: tanru-internal and
jectapolityx1 is a polity/state governing territory/domain x2; [government/territory relationship]
jecyga'ibairevolutionaryx1 revolts against/deposes regime x2 (jecta 'polity' + galfi 'modify' + bapli 'force')
je'erogervocative: roger (ack) – negative acknowledge; used to acknowledge offers and thanks
je'itanru conn?logical connective: tanru-internal connective question
jelcaburnx1 burns/[ignites/is flammable/inflammable] at temperature x2 in atmosphere x3
jemnagemx1 is a gem/polished stone/pearl of type x2 from gemstone/material/source x3
jenaitanru but notlogical connective: tanru-internal x but not y
jgarigraspx1 grasps/holds/clutches/seizes/grips/[hugs] x2 with x3 (part of x1) at locus x4 (part of x2)
jgirapridex1 (person) feels/has pride in/about x2 (abstraction)
jgitaguitarx1 is a guitar/violin/fiddle/harp [stringed musical instrument] with actuator/plectrum/bow x2
jgitrgitaraguitarx1 is a guitar
jgitrviolinoviolinx1 is a violin
jisumti conn?logical connective: sumti afterthought connective question
ji'ain additiondiscursive: additionally
jikcasocializex1 interacts/behaves socially with x2; x1 socializes with/is sociable towards x2
jimpeunderstandx1 understands/comprehends fact/truth x2 (du'u) about subject x3; x1 understands (fi) x3
jinviopinex1 thinks/opines x2 [opinion] (du'u) is true about subject/issue x3 on grounds x4
jipcichickenx1 is a chicken/[hen/cock/rooster]/small fowl [a type of bird] of species/breed x2
jisrajuicex1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of juice/nectar from-source/of-type x2
jminaaddx1 adds/combines x2 to/with x3, with result x4; x1 augments x2 by amount x3
jmivelivex1 lives/is alive by standard x2; x1 is an organism/living thing
jotanru ifflogical connective: tanru-internal biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if
joiin a mass withnon-logical connective: mixed conjunction; 'and' meaning 'mixed together', forming a mass
jonaitanru xorlogical connective: tanru-internal exclusive or
jutanru whetherlogical connective: tanru-internal whether-or-not
jubmetablex1 is a table/flat solid upper surface of material x2, supported by legs/base/pedestal x3
ju'iattentionvocative: attention – at ease – ignore me
jukpacookx1 cooks/prepares food-for-eating x2 by recipe/method x3 (process)
jundiattentivex1 is attentive towards/attends/tends/pays attention to object/affair x2
jungoChinesex1 reflects Chinese [Mandarin, Cantonese, Wu, etc.] culture/nationality/language in aspect x2
junriseriousx1 (person) is serious/earnest/has gravity about x2 (event/state/activity)
ju'o certaintyattitudinal modifier: certainly – uncertain – certainly not
kaproperty abstractabstractor: property/quality abstractor (-ness); x1 is quality/property exhibited by [bridi]
kabricupx1 is a cup/glass/tumbler/mug/vessel/[bowl] containing contents x2, and of material x3
kakneablex1 is able to do/be/capable of doing/being x2 (event/state) under conditions x3 (event/state)
kanlacupx1 is a/the eye [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: sensory apparatus]; (adjective:) x1 is ocular
kansawithx1 is with/accompanies/is a companion of x2, in state/condition/enterprise x3 (event/state)
karbicomparex1 [observer] compares x2 with x3 in property x4 (ka), determining comparison x5 (state)
karcecarx1 is a car/automobile/truck/van [a wheeled motor vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3
karnijournalx1 is a journal/periodical/magazine/[newspaper] with content x2 published by x3 for audience x4
kauindirect questiondiscursive: marks word serving as focus of indirect question
kestart groupingstart grouping of tanru, etc; ... type of ... ; overrides normal tanru left grouping
ke'arelativized itpro-sumti: relativized sumti (object of relative clause)
ke'eend groupingelidable terminator: end of tanru left grouping override (usually elidable)
keiend abstractionelidable terminator: end abstraction bridi (often elidable)
kensaouter spacex1 is outer space near/associated with celestial body/region x2
ke'oplease repeatvocative: please repeat
kerfahairx1 is a/the hair/fur [body-part] of x2 at body location x3
ki'atextual confusionattitudinal question: confusion about something said
ki'ethanksvocative: thanks – no thanks to you
kijnooxygenx1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of oxygen (O)
ki'onumber commadigit/number: number comma; thousands
kistoPakistanix1 reflects Pakistani/Pashto culture/nationality/language in aspect x2
ki'ubecause of reasonkrinu modal, 1st place (justified by) justifiably; because of reason ...
klajistreetx1 is a street/avenue/lane/drive/cul-de-sac/way/alley/[road] at x2 accessing x3
klakuweepx1 weeps/cries tears x2 about/for reason x3 (event/state)
klamacomex1 goes/comes to x2 from x3 via x4 by means x5
koimperativepro-sumti: you (imperative); make it true for you, the listener
ko'ait #1pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #1 (specified by goi)
ko'eit #2pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #2 (specified by goi)
ko'iit #3pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #3 (specified by goi)
ko'oit #4pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #4 (specified by goi)
ko'uit #5pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #5 (specified by goi)
krasioriginx1 (site/event) is a source/start/beginning/origin of x2 (object/event/process)
kratr­senatoresenatorx1 is a senator representing x2 in senate x3
krinureasonx1 (event/state) is a reason/justification/explanation for/causing/permitting x2 (event/state)
krixacry outx1 cries out/yells/howls sound x2; x1 is a crier
kuend sumtielidable terminator: end description, modal, or negator sumti; often elidable
kuclicuriousx1 is curious/wonders about/is interested in/[inquisitive about] x2 (object/abstract)
ku'ihoweveriscursive: however/but/in contrast
kuktedeliciousx1 is delicious/tasty/delightful to observer/sense x2 [person, or sensory activity]
kumfaroomx1 is a room of/in structure x2 surrounded by partitions/walls/ceiling/floor x3 (mass/jo'u)
kuntiemptyx1 [container] is empty/vacant of x2 [material]; x1 is hollow
ku'oend relative clauseelidable terminator: end NOI relative clause; always elidable, but preferred in complex clauses
kurjitake care ofx1 takes-care-of/looks after/attends to/provides for/is caretaker for x2 (object/event/person)
kykletteral for k
kybuqletteral for q
lathat namedname descriptor: the one(s) called ... ; takes name or selbri description
la'a probabilitydiscursive: probably – improbably
lacpupullx1 pulls/tugs/draws/drags x2 by handle/at locus x3
ladrumilkx1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of milk from source x2; (adjective:) x1 is lactic/dairy
la'e di'ulast utterance itpro-sumti: the referent of the last utterance; the state described
la'ethe referent ofthe referent of (indirect pointer); uses the referent of a sumti as the desired sumti
la'ithe set of namedname descriptor: the set of those named ... ; takes name or selbri description
laithe mass of namedname descriptor: the mass of individual(s) named ... ; takes name or selbri description
lamjiadjacentx1 is adjacent/beside/next to/in contact with x2 in property/sequence x3 in direction x4
lanlianalyzex1 analyzes/examines-in-detail x2 by method/technique/system x3 [process/activity]
lanmesheepx1 is a sheep/[lamb/ewe/ram] of species/breed x2 of flock x3
lantecanx1 is a can/tightly sealed/pre-sealed container for perishable contents x2, made of x3
la'othe non-Lojban nameddelimited non-Lojban name; the resulting quote sumti is treated as a name
lethe describednon-veridical descriptor: the one(s) described as ...
lebnatakex1 takes/gets/gains/obtains/seizes/[removes] x2 (object/property) from x3 (possessor)
le'ethe stereotypicalnon-veridical descriptor: the stereotype of those described as ...
le'ithe set describednon-veridical descriptor: the set of those described as ..., treated as a set
leithe mass describednon-veridical descriptor: the mass of individual(s) described as ...
lercilatex1 (event) is late by standard x2
le'uend error quoteend quote of questionable or out-of-context text; not elidable
lithe numberthe number/evaluated expression; convert number/operand/evaluated math expression to sumti
lidneprecedex1 precedes/leads x2 in sequence x3; x1 is former/preceding/previous; x2 is latter/following
lifriexperiencex1 [person/passive/state] undergoes/experiences x2 (event/experience); x2 happens to x1
lindilightningx1 is lightning/electrical arc/thunderbolt striking at/extending to x2 from x3
lothat which really isveridical descriptor: the one(s) that really is(are) ...
lo'ethe typicalveridical descriptor: the typical one(s) who really is(are) ...
logjilogicx1 [rules/methods] is a logic for deducing/concluding/inferring/reasoning to/about x2 (du'u)
lo'ithe set which really isveridical descriptor: the set of those that really are ..., treated as a set
loithe mass which really isveridical descriptor: the mass of individual(s) that is(are) ...
lojboLojbanicx1 reflects [Loglandic]/Lojbanic language/culture/nationality/community in aspect x2
lo'oend mex sumtielidable terminator: end math expression (mex) sumti; end mex-to-sumti conversion; usually elidable
lo'uerror quotestart questionable/out-of-context quote; text should be Lojban words, but needn't be grammatical
lu'athe individuals ofthe members of the set/components of the mass; converts another description type to individuals
lujvoaffix compoundx1 (text) is a compound predicate word with meaning x2 and arguments x3 built from metaphor x4
lunralunarx1 is Earth's moon (default); x1 is a major natural satellite/moon of planet x2
lu'othe mass composed ofthe mass composed of; converts another description type to a mass composed of the members
lylletteral for l
masumti?pro-sumti: sumti question (what/who/how/why/etc.); appropriately fill in sumti blank
ma'awe with youpro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s) and you the listener(s) and others unspecified
mabladerogativex1 is a derogative connotation/sense of x2 used by x3; x3 derogates/'curses at' x2 in form x1
malglicoderogatorily Englishx1 is English/pertains to English-speaking culture in aspect x2, and is derogatorily viewed by x3 (mabla 'derogative' + glico 'English')
malrarbauderogatorily natural languagex1 is a natural language, and is derogatorily viewed by x2 (mabla 'derogative' + rarna 'natural' + bangu 'languge')
mamtamotherx1 is a mother of x2; x1 bears/mothers/acts maternally toward x2; [not necessarily biological]
manciwonderx1 feels wonder/awe/marvels about x2
mankudarkx1 is dark/lacking in illumination
mansasatisfyx1 satisfies evaluator x2 in property (ka)/state x3
mastimonthx1 is x2 months in duration (default is 1 month) by month standard x3
matcrflokatiflokati rugx1 is a flokati rug
mauexceeded byzmadu modal, 1st place (a greater) exceeded by ... ; usually a sumti modifier
mesumti to selbriconvert sumti to selbri/tanru element; x1 is specific to [sumti] in aspect x2
mebribrowx1 is a/the brow/forehead [projecting flat/smooth head/body-part] of x2
melbibeautifulx1 is beautiful/pleasant to x2 in aspect x3 (ka) by aesthetic standard x4
menlimindx1 is a mind/intellect/psyche/mentality/[consciousness] of body x2
mensisisterx1 is a sister of/sororal to x2 by bond/tie/standard/parent(s) x3; [not necessarily biological]
merkoAmericanx1 pertains to USA/American culture/nationality/dialect in aspect x2
mimepro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s); identified by self-vocative
mi'awe, not youpro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s) and others unspecified, but not you, the listener
mi'eself-introductionself vocative: self-introduction – denial of identity; identifies speaker
mikcedoctorx1 doctors/treats/nurses/[cures]/is physician/midwife to x2 for ailment x3 by treatment/cure x4
milxemildx1 is mild/non-extreme/gentle/middling/somewhat in property x2 (ka); x1 is not very x2
minrareflectx1 reflects/mirrors/echoes x2 [object/radiation] to observer/point x3 as x4; x2 bounces on x1
mintusamex1 is the same/identical thing as x2 by standard x3; (x1 and x2 interchangeable)
mi'ome and youpro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s) and you the listener(s)
misnofamousx1 (person/object/event) is famous/renowned/is a celebrity among community of persons x2 (mass)
mlatucatx1 is a cat/[puss/pussy/kitten] [feline animal] of species/breed x2; (adjective:) x1 is feline
mobridi?pro-bridi: bridi/selbri/brivla question
mo'ispace motionmark motions in space-time
moiordinal selbriconvert number to ordinal selbri; x1 is (n)th member of set x2 ordered by rule x3
morjiremember x1 remembers/recalls/recollects fact(s)/memory x2 (du'u) about subject x3
morsideadx1 is dead/has ceased to be alive
mo'ucompletiveinterval event contour: at the natural ending point of ...; completive
mrilumailx1 mails/posts [transfer via intermediary service] x2 to x3 from x4 by carrier/network/system x5
mrobi'odiex1 dies under conditions x2 (morsi 'dead' + binxo 'become')
mu5digit/number: 5
mu'ibecause of motivemukti modal, 1st place because of motive ...
muktimotivex1 (action/event/state) motivates/is a motive/incentive for action/event x2, per volition of x3
mulnocompletex1 (event) is complete/done/finished; x1 (object) has become whole in property x2 by standard x3
munjeuniversex1 is a universe/cosmos [complete and ordered entirety] of domain/sphere x2 defined by rules x3
mu'oovervocative: over (response OK) – more to come
mupliexamplex1 is an example/sample/specimen/instance/case/illustration of common property(s) x2 of set x3
mutcemuchx1 is much/extreme in property x2 (ka), towards x3 extreme/direction; x1 is, in x2, very x3
mu'uexemplified bymupli modal, 1st place exemplified by ...
mymletteral for m
na.asumti only iflogical connective: sumti afterthought conditional/only if
nabridi negatorbridi contradictory negator; scope is an entire bridi; logically negates in some cmavo compounds
nabmiproblemx1 (event/state) is a problem to/encountered by x2 in situation/task/inquiry x3
na'escalar contrarycontrary scalar negator: other than ...; not ...; a scale or set is implied
nagi'abridi only iflogical connective: bridi-tail afterthought conditional/only if
nainegate last wordattached to cmavo to negate them; various negation-related meanings
najatanru only iflogical connective: tanru-internal conditional/only if
namcunumberx1 (li) is a number/quantifier/digit/value/figure (noun); refers to the value and not the symbol
nanbabreadx1 is a quantity of/contains bread [leavened or unleavened] made from grains x2
nancayearx1 is x2 years in duration (default is 1 year) by standard x3; (adjective:) x1 is annual
nandudifficultx1 is difficult/hard/challenging for x2 under conditions x3; x1 challenges (non-agentive) x2
nanmumanx1 is a man/men; x1 is a male humanoid person [not necessarily adult]
narjuorangex1 is orange [color adjective]
ne'anext tolocation tense relation/direction; approximating/next to ...
ne'iwithinlocation tense relation/direction; within/inside of/into ...
nelcifondx1 is fond of/likes/has a taste for x2 (object/state)
nenriinx1 is in/inside/within x2; x1 is on the inside/interior of x2 [totally within the bounds of x2]
niamount abstractabstractor: quantity/amount abstractor; x1 is quantity/amount of [bridi] measured on scale x2
ni'abelowlocation tense relation/direction; downwards/down from ...
niblinecessitatex1 logically necessitates/entails/implies action/event/state x2 under rules/logic system x3
nictenightx1 is a nighttime of day x2 at location x3; (adjective:) x1 is at night/nocturnal
ni'ibecause of logicnibli modal, 1st place logically; logically because ...
nimrecitrusx1 is a quantity of citrus [fruit/tree, etc.] of species/strain x2
ninmuwomanx1 is a woman (any female humanoid person, not necessarily adult)
ninpe'imeetx1 meets x2 for the first time at location x3 (cnino 'new' + penmi 'meet')
ni'onew topicdiscursive: paragraph break; introduce new topic
nitcuneedx1 needs/requires/is dependent on/[wants] necessity x2 for purpose/action/stage of process x3
ni'unegative numberdigit/number: minus sign; negative number); default any negative
no0digit/number: 0
noblinoblex1 is noble/aristocratic/elite/high-born/titled in/under culture/society/standard x2
no'escalar midpoint notmidpoint scalar negator: neutral point between je'a and to'e; 'not really'
noiincidental clausenon-restrictive relative clause; attaches subordinate bridi with incidental information
no'uincidental identitynon-restrictive appositive phrase marker: which incidentally is the same thing as ...
nuevent abstractabstractor: generalized event abstractor; x1 is state/process/achievement/activity of [bridi]
nu'epromisevocative: promise – promise release – un-promise
nuprepromisex1 (agent) promises/commits/assures/threatens x2 (event/state) to x3 [beneficiary/victim]
nynletteral for n
pa1digit/number: 1
pagbupartx1 is a part/component/piece/portion/segment of x2 [where x2 is a whole/mass]; x2 is partly x1
paipidigit/number: pi (approximately 3.1416...)
palcievilx1 is evil/depraved/wicked [morally bad] by standard x2
patlupotatox1 is a potato [an edible tuber] of variety/cultivar x2
pavbudjofirst Buddhistx1 is the first Buddhist (pa '1' + budjo 'Buddhist')
perestrictive phraserestrictive relative phrase marker: which is associated with ...; loosest associative/possessive
pe'iI opine evidential: I opine (subjective claim)
peiemotion?attitudinal: attitudinal question; how do you feel about it? with what intensity?
pelxuyellowx1 is yellow/golden [color adjective]
pencutouchx1 (agent) touches x2 with x3 [a locus on x1 or an instrument] at x4 [a locus on x2]
pendofriendx1 is/acts as a friend of/to x2 (experiencer); x2 befriends x1
penmimeetx1 meets/encounters x2 at/in location x3
pensipolicex1 thinks/considers/cogitates/reasons/is pensive about/reflects upon subject/concept x2
pesxupastex1 is paste/pulp/dough/mash/mud/slurry [soft, smooth-textured, moist solid] of composition x2
pe'upleasevocative: please
pi so'emost ofnumber: most of of; used to refer to a greater portion of something
pidecimal pointdigit/number: radix (number base) point; default decimal
pi'edigit separatordigit/number:separates digits for base >16, not current standard, or variable (e.g. time, date)
pilnousex1 uses/employs x2 [tool, apparatus, machine, agent, acting entity, material] for purpose x3
pinsipencilx1 is a pencil/crayon/stylus applying lead/marking material x2, frame/support [of material] x3
pinxedrinkx1 (agent) drinks/imbibes beverage/drink/liquid refreshment x2 from/out-of container/source x3
pi'oused bypilno modal, 1st place used by ...
pipnopianox1 is a piano/harpsichord/synthesizer/organ; a keyboard musical instrument
pliseapplex1 is an apple [fruit] of species/strain x2
plujacomplicatedx1 is complex/complicated/involved in aspect/property x2 (ka) by standard x3
pois specific torestrictive relative phrase marker: which is specific to ...; normal possessive physical/legal
po'ewhich belongs torestrictive relative phrase marker: which belongs to ... ; inalienable possession
poirestrictive clauserestrictive relative clause; attaches subordinate bridi with identifying information to a sumti
ponsepossessx1 possesses/owns/has x2 under law/custom x3; x1 is owner/proprietor of x2 under x3
po'urestrictive identityrestrictive appositive phrase marker: which is the same thing as
pramilovex1 loves/feels strong affectionate devotion towards x2 (object/state)
prenupersonx1 is a person/people (noun) [not necessarily human]; x1 displays personality/a persona
pretiquestionx1 (quoted text) is a question/query about subject x2 by questioner x3 to audience x4
priturightx1 is to the right of x2 facing x3
pubeforetime tense relation/direction: did [selbri]; before/prior to [sumti]; default past tense
puljipolicex1 is a police officer/[enforcer/vigilante] enforcing law(s)/rule(s)/order x2
pu'oanticipativeinterval event contour: in anticipation of ...; until ... ; inchoative
purcipastx1 is in the past of/earlier than/before x2 in time sequence; x1 is former; x2 is latter
purlamctelast nightx1 is the night preceding x2 (purci 'past' + lamji 'adjacent' + nicte 'night')
pypletteral for p
rarecent sumtipro-sumti: a recent sumti before the last one, as determined by back-counting rules
racturabbitx1 is a rabbit/hare/[doe] of species/breed x2
rafsiaffixx1 is an affix/suffix/prefix/combining-form for word/concept x2, form/properties x3, language x4
rarnanaturalx1 is natural/spontaneous/instinctive, not [consciously] caused by person(s)
rasyjukpafryx1 fries x2 (grasu 'grease' + jukpa 'cook')
re2digit/number: 2
rectumeatx1 is a quantity of/contains meat/flesh from source/animal x2
re'iready to receivevocative: ready to receive – not ready to receive
rei14digit/number: hex digit E
remnahumanx1 is a human/human being/man (non-specific gender-free sense); (adjective:) x1 is human
rilast sumtipro-sumti: the last sumti, as determined by back-counting rules
ri'abecause of causerinka modal, 1st place (phys./mental) causal because ...
rinkacausex1 (event/state) effects/physically causes effect x2 (event/state) under conditions x3
rinsagreetx1 (agent) greets/hails/[welcomes/says hello to]/responds to arrival of x2 in manner x3 (action)
rirniparentx1 is a parent of/raises/rears x2; x1 mentors/acts parental toward child/protege x2
ri'uon the right oflocation tense relation/direction; rightwards/to the right of ...
roeachdigit/number: each, all
rokcirockx1 is a quantity of/is made of/contains rock/stone of type/composition x2 from location x3
ruearlier sumtipro-sumti: a remote past sumti, before all other in-use backcounting sumti
ru'eweak emotionattitudinal: weak intensity attitude modifier
rufsuroughx1 is rough/coarse/uneven/[grainy/scabrous/rugged] in texture/regularity
rupnudollarx1 is measured in major-money-units (dollar/yuan/ruble) as x2 (quantity), monetary system x3
ryrletteral for r
saerase utteranceerase complete or partial utterance; next word shows how much erasing to do
sabjiprovidex1 (source) provides/supplies/furnishes x2 [supply/commodity] to x3 [recipient]
sa'e precisely speakingdiscursive: precisely speaking – loosely speaking
saistrong emotionattitudinal: moderate intensity attitude modifier
saktasugarx1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of sugar [sweet edible] from source x2 of composition x3
salcicelebratex1 celebrates/recognizes/honors x2 (event/abstract) with activity/[party] x3
sangasingx1 sings/chants x2 [song/hymn/melody/melodic sounds] to audience x3
sanlistandx1 stands [is vertically oriented] on surface x2 supported by limbs/support/pedestal x3
sanmimealx1 (mass) is a meal composed of dishes including x2
saskesciencex1 (mass of facts) is science of/about subject matter x2 based on methodology x3
sazrioperatex1 operates/drives/runs x2 [apparatus/machine] with goal/objective/use/end/function x3
se ba'iinstead ofbasti modal, 2nd place instead of ...
se cauwithoutclaxu modal, 2nd place (lacking) without ...
se du'usentence abstractcompound abstractor: sentence/equation abstract; x1 is text expressing [bridi] which is x2
se ja'eresults becausejalge modal, 2nd place (event causal) results because of ...
se pa'uas a part ofpagbu modal, 2nd place (whole) partially; as a part of ...
se si'uassistingsidju modal, 2nd place assisting ... (in doing/maintaining something)
se2nd conversion2nd conversion; switch 1st/2nd places
se'iself-orientedattitudinal modifier: self-oriented – other-oriented
selbripredicate relationx2 (text) is a predicate relationship with relation x1 among arguments (sequence/set) (= se bridi)
selpeickumanifestox1 is a manifesto about topic x2 by author x3 for audience x4 preserved in medium x5 (pensi 'thought' + cukta 'book')
sepliapartx1 is apart/separate from x2, separated by partition/wall/gap/interval/separating medium x3
sierase worderase the last Lojban word, treating non-Lojban text as a single word
sidboideax1 [person] labors/works on/at x2 [activity] with goal/objective x3
sidjuhelpx1 helps/assists/aids object/person x2 do/achieve/maintain event/activity x3
simluseemx1 seems/appears to have property(ies) x2 to observer x3 under conditions x4
simsasimilarx1 is similar/parallel to x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni); x1 looks/appears like x2
simxumutualx1 (set) has members who mutually/reciprocally x2 (event [x1 should be reflexive in 1+ sumti])
si'oconceptabstractor: idea/concept abstractor; x1 is x2's concept of [bridi]
siskuseekx1 seeks/searches/looks for property x2 among set x3 (complete specification of set)
sisticeasex1 ceases/stops/halts activity/process/state x2 [not necessarily completing it]
skapipeltx1 is a pelt/skin/hide/leather from x2
skicudescribex1 tells about/describes x2 (object/event/state) to audience x3 with description x4 (property)
skoricordx1 is cord/cable/rope/line/twine/cordage/woven strands of material x2
slabufamiliarx1 is old/familiar/well-known to observer x2 in feature x3 (ka) by standard x4
slunionionx1 is a quantity of/contains onions/scallions of type/cultivar x2
smagauquietenx1 acts so that x2 is quiet/silent/[still] at observation point x3 by standard x4 (smaji 'quiet' + gasnu 'do')
smajiquietx1 (source) is quiet/silent/[still] at observation point x2 by standard x3
snanusouthx1 is to the south/southern side of x2 according to frame of reference x3
snutiaccidentalx1 (event/state) is an accident/unintentional on the part of x2; x1 is an accident
so9digit/number: 9
so'aalmost alldigit/number: almost all (digit/number)
sodvasodax1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of a carbonated beverage/soda of flavor/brand x2
so'emostdigit/number: most
so'imanydigit/number: many
soireciprocal sumtidiscursive: reciprocal sumti marker; indicates a reciprocal relationship between sumti
soncisoldierx1 is a soldier/warrior/fighter of army x2
so'oseveraldigit/number: several
so'ufewdigit/number: few
spajisurprisex1 (event/action abstract) surprises/startles/is unexpected [and generally sudden] to x2
spatiplantx1 is a plant/herb/greenery of species/strain/cultivar x2
spebi'omarryx1 marries x2; x1 becomes a spouse of x2 under law/custom/tradition/system/convention x3 (speni 'spouse' + binxo 'become')
spenimarriedx1 is married to x2; x1 is a spouse of x2 under law/custom/tradition/system/convention x3
spitahospitalx1 is a hospital treating patient(s) x2 for condition/injuries/disease/illness x3
spojaexplodex1 bursts/explodes/violently breaks up/decomposes/combusts into pieces/energy/fragments x2
spudareplyx1 answers/replies to/responds to person/object/event/situation/stimulus x2 with response x3
srumareplyx1 assumes/supposes that x2 (du'u) is true about subject x3
staliremainx1 remains/stays at/abides/lasts with x2
steduheadx1 is a/the head [body-part] of x2
stelalockx1 is a lock/seal of/on/for sealing x2 with/by locking mechanism x3
su'eat mostdigit/number: at most (all); no more than
su'iplusn-ary mathematical operator: plus; addition operator; [(((a + b) + c) + ...)]
sumtiargumentx1 is a/the argument of predicate/function x2 filling place x3 (kind/number)
su'oat leastat least some); no less than
sutrafastx1 is fast/swift/quick/hastes/rapid at doing/being/bringing about x2 (event/state)
su'uunspecified abstractabstractor: generalized abstractor (how); x1 is [bridi] as a non-specific abstraction of type x2
sysletteral for s
tathat therepro-sumti: that there; nearby demonstrative it; indicated thing/place near listener
ta'ainterruptionvocative: interruption
tadnistudyx1 studies/is a student of x2; x1 is a scholar; (adjective:) x1 is scholarly
tamnecousinx1 is cousin to x2 by bond/tie x3; [non-immediate family member, default same generation]
ta'o by the waydiscursive: by the way – returning to the subject
tarcistarx1 is a star/sun with stellar properties x2
tartcitastar labelx1 is a star-shaped label/tag of x2 showing information x3 (tarci 'star' + tcita 'label')
tartibehavex1 behaves/conducts oneself as/in-manner x2 (event/property) under conditions x3
tavlatalkx1 talks/speaks to x2 about subject x3 in language x4
tcaducityx1 is a town/city of metropolitan area x2, in political unit x3, serving hinterland/region x4
tcetoitry hardx1 tries hard to do/attain x2 (event/state/property) by actions/method x3 (mutce 'much' + troci 'try')
tcicadeceivex1 (event/experience) misleads/deceives/dupes/fools/cheats/tricks x2 into x3 (event/state)
tcidutalkx1 [agent] reads x2 [text] from surface/document/reading material x3; x1 is a reader
tcikatime of dayx1 [hours, {minutes}, {seconds}] is the time/hour of state/event x2 on day x3 at location x4
tcitalabelx1 is a label/tag of x2 showing information x3
te me'eas a name used bycmene modal, 3rd place as a name used by ...
te3rd conversion3rd conversion; switch 1st/2nd places
telgaulockx1 (agent) makes x2 be a lock/seal of/on/for sealing x3 with/by locking mechanism x4 (stela 'lock' + gasnu 'do')
terdiearthx1 is the Earth/the home planet of race x2; (adjective:) x1 is terrestrial/earthbound
tithis herepro-sumti: this here; immediate demonstrative it; indicated thing/place near speaker
ti'abehindlocation tense relation/direction; rearwards/to the rear of ...
tigniperformx1 performs x2 [performance] for/before audience x3
tinbeobeyx1 obeys/follows the command/rule x2 made by x3; (adjective:) x1 is obedient
tirnahearx1 hears x2 against background/noise x3; x2 is audible; (adjective:) x1 is aural
tirseironx1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of iron (Fe)
ti'uassociated with timetcika modal, 1st place (for letters) associated with time ... ; attach time stamp
tivnitelevisionx1 [broadcaster] televises programming x2 via media/channel x3 to television receiver x4
tostart parenthesisleft parenthesis; start of parenthetical note which must be grammatical Lojban text
to'epolar oppositepolar opposite scalar negator
toiend parenthesiselidable terminator: right parenthesis/end unquote; seldom elidable except at end of text
to'oaway from pointlocation tense relation/direction; departing from/directly away from ...
trajisuperlativex1 is superlative in property x2 (ka), the x3 extreme (ka; default ka zmadu) among set/range x4
trenetrainx1 is a train [vehicle] of cars/units x2 (mass) for rails/system/railroad x3, propelled by x4
trocitryx1 tries/attempts/makes an effort to do/attain x2 (event/state/property) by actions/method x3
tuthat yonderpro-sumti: that yonder; distant demonstrative it; indicated thing far from speaker and listener
tu'athe bridi implied byextracts a concrete sumti from an unspecified abstraction; equivalent to le nu/su'u [sumti] co'e
tu'estart text scopestart of multiple utterance scope; used for logical/non-logical/ordinal joining of sentences
tugniagreex1 [person] agrees with person(s)/position/side x2 that x3 (du'u) is true about matter x4
turnigovernx1 [person] labors/works on/at x2 [activity] with goal/objective x3
tutraterritoryx1 is territory/domain/space of/belonging to/controlled by x2
tu'uend text scopeelidable terminator: end multiple utterance scope; seldom elidable
tytletteral for t
vathere atlocation tense distance: near to ... ; there at ...; a medium/small distance from ...
vai15digit/number: hex digit F
vajniimportantx1 (object/event) is important/significant to x2 (person/event) in aspect/for reason x3 (nu/ka)
valsiwordx1 is a word meaning/causing x2 in language x3; (adjective: x1 is lexical/verbal)
vanbienvironmentx1 (ind./mass) is part of an environment/surroundings/context/ambience of x2
vanjuwinex1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of wine from fruit/grapes x2
va'ounder conditionsvanbi modal, 1st place (conditions 1) under conditions ...; in environment ...
vauend simple bridielidable: end of sumti in simple bridi; in compound bridi, separates common trailing sumti
ve4th conversion4th conversion; switch 1st/4th places
vecnusellx1 [seller] sells/vends x2 [goods/service/commodity] to buyer x3 for amount/cost/expense x4
venfurevengex1 takes revenge on/retaliates against x2 (person) for wrong x3 (nu) with vengeance x4 (nu)
vensaspringx1 is spring/springtime [warming season] of year x2 at location x3; (adjective:) x1 is vernal
vihere atlocation tense distance: here at ... ; at or a very short/tiny distance from ...
vi'irku'atoiletx1 is a toilet in structure x2 (vikmi 'excrete' + kumfa 'room')
vikmiexcretex1 [body] excretes waste x2 from source x3 via means/route x4
vimcuremovex1 removes/subtracts/deducts/takes away x2 from x3 with/leaving result/remnant/remainder x4
vinjiairplanex1 is an airplane/aircraft [flying vehicle] for carrying passengers/cargo x2, propelled by x3
vi'owilcovocative: wilco (ack and will comply)
viskaseex1 sees/views/perceives visually x2 under conditions x3
vitkeguestx1 is a guest/visitor of x2 at place/event x3; x1 visits x2/x3
vlipapowerfulx1 has the power to bring about x2 under conditions x3; x1 is powerful in aspect x2 under x3
vo4digit/number: 4
vo'ax1 itpro-sumti: repeats 1st place of main bridi of this sentence
vo'ex2 itpro-sumti: repeats 2nd place of main bridi of this sentence
vofliflyx1 flies [in air/atmosphere] using lifting/propulsion means x2
vo'ix3 itpro-sumti: repeats 3rd place of main bridi of this sentence
voksavoicex1 is a voice/speech sound of individual x2
vo'ox4 itpro-sumti: repeats 4th place of main bridi of this sentence
vo'ux5 itpro-sumti: repeats 5th place of main bridi of this sentence
vrudevirtuex1 is virtuous/saintly/[fine/moral/nice/holy/morally good] by standard x2
vuyonder atlocation tense distance: far from ... ; yonder at ... ; a long distance from ...
vyvletteral for v
vybuwletteral for w
xa6digit/numeral: 6
xabjudwellx1 dwells/lives/resides/abides at/inhabits/is a resident of location/habitat/nest/home/abode x2
xadbahalfx1 is exactly/approximately half/semi-/demi-/hemi- of x2 by standard x3
xadnibodyx1 is a/the body/corpus/corpse of x2; (adjective:) x1 is corporal/corporeal
xajmifunnyx1 is funny/comical to x2 in property/aspect x3 (nu/ka); x3 is what is funny about x1 to x2
xalfekfridrunkx1 is inebriated, drunk (xalka 'alcohol' + fenki 'crazy' + lifri 'experience')
xalkaalcoholx1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of alcohol of type x2 from source/process x3
xamgugoodx1 is good/beneficial/acceptable for x2 by standard x3
xankanervousx1 is nervous/anxious about x2 (abstraction) under conditions x3
xantoelephantx1 is an elephant of species/breed x2
xatraletterx1 is a letter/missive/[note] to intended audience x2 from author/originator x3 with content x4
xe5th conversion5th conversion; switch 1st/5th places
xebnihatex1 hates/despises x2 (object/abstraction); x1 is full of hate for x2; x2 is odious to x1
xelsoGreekx1 reflects Greek/Hellenic culture/nationality/language in aspect x2
xendokindx1 (person) is kind to x2 in actions/behavior x3
xindoHindix1 reflects Hindi language/culture/religion in aspect x2
xlalibadx1 is bad for x2 by standard x3; x1 is poor/unacceptable to x2
xlurainfluencesx1 (agent) influences/lures/tempts x2 into action/state x3 by influence/threat/lure x4
xonumber?digit/number: number/digit/lerfu question
xraboArabicx1 reflects Arabic-speaking culture/nationality in aspect x2
xutrue–false?discursive: true–false question
xukmichemicalx1 is an instance of substance/chemical/drug x2 (individual or mass) with purity x3
xumskechemistryx1 is chemistry based on methodology x2 (xukmi 'chemical' + saske 'science')
xunreredx1 is red/crimson/ruddy [color adjective]
xyxletteral for x
zamedium timetime tense distance: medium distance in time
zanruapprovex1 approves of/gives favor to plan/action x2 (object/event)
zbasumakex1 makes/assembles/builds/manufactures/creates x2 out of materials/parts/components x3
zdaninestx1 is a nest/house/lair/den/[home] of/for x2
zdileamusingx1 (abstract) is amusing/entertaining to x2 in property/aspect x3; x3 is what amuses x2 about x1
ze7digit/number: 7
ze'amedium time intervaltime tense interval: a medium length of time
ze'ishort time intervaltime tense interval: an instantaneous/tiny/short amount of time
zekricrimex1 (event/state) is a punishable crime/[taboo/sin] to people/culture/judges/jury x2
zerglesexual crimex1 copulates with x2, which is a punishable crime to people/culture/judges/jury x3 (zekri 'crime' + gletu 'copulate')
zerle'astealx1 takes/gets/gains/obtains/seizes/[removes] x2 (object/property) from x3 (possessor), which is a punishable crime/[taboo/sin] to people/culture/judges/jury x4 (zekri 'crime' + lebna 'take')
ze'ulong time intervaltime tense interval: a long amount of time
zganaobservex1 observes/[notices]/watches/beholds x2 using senses/means x3 under conditions x4
zgikemusicx1 is music performed/produced by x2 (event)
zishort timetime tense distance: instantaneous-to-short distance in time
zi'erelative clause joinerjoins relative clauses which apply to the same sumti
zirpupurplex1 is purple/violet [color adjective]
ziryraipurplestx1 is the most purple/violet [color adjective] among set/range x2 (zirpu 'purple' + traji 'superlative')
zmadumorex1 exceeds/is more than x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni) by amount/excess x4
zoone-word quotequote next word only; quotes a single Lojban word (not a cmavo compound or tanru)
zo'eunspecified itpro-sumti: an elliptical/unspecified value; has some value which makes bridi true
zoinon-Lojban quotedelimited non-Lojban quotation; the result treated as a block of text
zo'ohumorouslyattitudinal modifier: humorously – dully – seriously
zulong timetime tense distance: long distance in time
zu'aon the left of location tense relation/direction; leftwards/to the left of ...
zutsesitx1 sits [assumes sitting position] on surface x2
zu'u on the one handdiscursive: on the one hand – on the other hand
zvatiatx1 (object/event) is at/attending/present at x2 (event/location)
zyzletteral for z